(A) Note-Making/Summarising/Sub-headling
इस खण्ड में आपको एक Unseen Passage दिया जायेगा। इस Passage पर आपको
NAN बनाने होंगे। इसका तात्पर्य यह है कि इसमें से आपको महत्त्वपूर्ण points निकालने हैं
पाकि आप Passage को Summary या Precis बना सकें। इसके अतिरिक्त, की
Note-Making क्या है?
स्मृति को सहायता के लिए संक्षिप्त रिकॉर्ड लेखन को नोट मेकिंग कहते हैं। कुछ लोग
भाषण सुनते वक्त, पुस्तक पढ़ते वक्त कुछ-कुछ संक्षिप्त लिखते जाते हैं। यही संक्षिप्त लेखन
बाद में पूरे भाषण को समझने में सहायता करता है।
Note-Making हेतु महत्वपूर्ण सुझाव
(1) Focus of attention - When we read an article or a lesson, our mind
and attention slips away and we lose the grip and interest in reading. Taking
notes keeps your mind and attention fixed. They do not loiter here and there.
You achieve concentration which is very essential in learning.
यह हमारे ध्यान को एकाा रखता है।
(1) Improvement of Memory - Taking notes helps you in memorizing
(acts and figures, quotations, main points etc., which makes it easy to keep the
whole article in mind. Writing makes an exact man.
यह हमारी स्मृति को तेज रखता है।
(3) Help in Writing Summary or Precis-By rearranging the ideas
from notes, you may prepare a gist or precis of the article.
सारांश लिखने में सहायता मिलती है।
(4) Useful Quotations--The notes help us in quoting important things
to support our speech or expressions.
उद्धरण हमारे कथन या लेख को पुष्ट करते हैं।
(5) Dictionary Consultation Habit-While taking notes, you must
consult the dictionary. This habit will improve your vocabulary and knowledge.
शब्दकोश देखने की उपयोगी आदत हमारे शब्द ज्ञान को विस्तृत करती है।
(6) Art of Editing-We learn the art of editing which proves to bey,
useful in the future.
सम्पादन कला सीखने को मिलती है।
(7) Books or Magazines Neat and Clean Our books and magazine
me
remain clean of markings or underlining.
पुस्तकें साफ, स्वच्छ रहती हैं।
(8) Helpful in Examination-While solving the questions papier
188
answers spring up in our mind.
परीक्षा में उत्तर हमें याद आ जाते हैं।
(9) Help in Composition—This habit helps us in composing 2
brite
Qu
original article.
मौलिक रचना करने में सहायता मिलती है।
An
(10) Improves Handwriting Our handwriting improves because of
practice.
हस्तलेखन सुन्दर होता है।
Note-making के बाद summarising करते हैं। इस प्रक्रिया में निम्नलिखित बिन सम्मिलित होते हैं-
(a) महत्वपूर्ण बिन्दुओं को रेखांकित करना।
(b) बिन्दुओं को संक्षेप में लिखना।
(c) उदाहरण, व्याख्या तथा पुनरुक्ति से बचें।
Sub-titling द्वारा पाठक को एक ही नजर में sub-topics में विषय में जानकार
उपलब्ध हो जाती है। Sub-titling का मुख्य उद्देश्य किसी long passage के प्रत्येक भाग
के प्रमुख विषय के सन्दर्भ में जानकारी उपलब्ध कराना है। स्पष्टतया sub-titles पाठक को
एक long passage पढ़ने के दौरान हो रही बोरियत से बचाते हैं तथा उसकी विषय-सामग
को समझने में सहायता करते हैं।
Solved Examples
[1]
The next six years, Edison made a series of inventions. One invention he was working on a machine that could reproduce the human voice. The net followed another quickly and Edison earned more fame and money. In 189 year, he actually made one. It was then called the talking machine. We cal the gramophone now. The same year, he was invited to the White House Washington. That is the name of the house where the President of the United States of America lives. Edison went there to show his new machine of and prosperous. He owed all this to his mother's help and encouragement President. This made him famous all over America. Now he was success to his own hard work. In March, 1878, he began to work on an electric lamp. People l candles and oil lamps in those days. They did not have electric lights. Edi praised te geve themeletne light in foe youts. When he suddivis, il the
cientist laughed him. They said that we are, Sor Bison was
experiments, but all of them failed. But he did not know horse, I must keep
E promise to the people," he said to himself and worked harder sollte
is fue brg ugainst time. At last, be sicereded in making an electric bulbs atret
nearly one thousand and two hundred onyerments. On New Year's Day,
1980), he and his workers put up electric lights at his laboratory People from
all ever Amervea came to see that wand sihat. Fossen had kept his promise
w the people. On 4th Sep, 1482, for the first time, New York shee in the
brightness of electric lights,
Questions
A. Read the above passage carefully and make notes on it
B. Write the summary of the passage,
C. Provide subtitles for each paragraph
Answers:
A. Notes :
(1) Edison made a series of inventions in six years,
6) He made a machine and showed it to the President of USA.
Cu) Later on, he began to work on an electric lamp
(iv) After many experiments, he finally succeeded
(W) Edison had kept his promise made to the people to America
B. Summary - In the next six years, Edison made several inventions. In
1878, he invented the talking machine (gramophone) which made him
popular when he showed it to the President of USA at White House in
Washington. In March, 1978, he started working on an electric lamp
and promised people to give them electric light in two years, as there
was no clestre light at that time. After almost one thousand and two
hundred experiments, he succeeded in making an electric lamp and
they poned in his laboratory on New Year's Day, in 1880. Ón 4
Sepember 1882, New York was illuminated with electric lights for
the first time,
C. Subtitles Para 1 : Edison Invents the Talking Machine.
Pura 2: Edison Invents the Electric Bulb.
12]
wer Tom Ramsay. All his life he had been hard-working, decent
Ganga Ramsay was a respectable lawyer. He was a year older than
we and straightforward. George led a respectable family life. Even
hehad never been false to his wife. To his four daughters, he was
in sill the faults and failings of his brother, he repeatedly helped
fathers. He was also affectionate and helpful to his only brother
Woney so that he might make a fresh in life He could not bear
